THROAT

Oral Cavity : Containing 32 teeth in adult for chewing, buccal mucosa, lips in the start of gi tract. Tounge in the floor of whitch are opening fo submandibular ducts. Opening of parotid duct near upper molar in the buccal mucosa. Many more minor salivary glands in the mucosa of oral cavity keeps the cavity moist n help in lubrication n formation of food bolus. Which goes in the phrynx n then to oesophagus. TONSILS are located on either side of pharyngeal in let as gourd to food pipe only before five yrs of age then it may regress or may remain as waste organ. There are many small swellings on the base of tongue and on post wall of pharynx they are not abnormal but they are small lymph aggregates like tonsils and they are called as lingual n pharyngeal tonsils.
Pathology : Many types of cancers due to irritants like tobacco smoke, various ulcers, problems of gums n teeth, tongue cancers, tonsils, foreign body, congenital deformity like cleft palate, cleft lip.
Mandible : Lower jaw bone attached to skull by ball n socket joint called TM joint. The mandible is mobile structure by many muscles of mastcations attached to it whitch pull n open n close the mandible.
Pathology : Many bony cysts fracture of mandible due to fall n truama. cancers.
Neck : Neck is devided by muscle in the neck namely sternocleidomastoid muscle into anterior means front and posterior means behind this muscle hence we have ant. Triangle n post triangle.
Ant.Triangle : Having trachea,larynx, oesophagus, thyroid gland, sub- mandibular gland, parotid gland, important blood vessels like carotid artery, inferior ven cava, vagus nerve, nerves of hand via brachial plexus.

Posterior trangle : Mainly having muscles like trapezius, scalene ant. Mid. Post., continuation of brachial plexus, lymph nodes, lymphatic duct, subclavian artery.